After unremitting efforts, great achievements have been made. Domestic experts have achieved gratifying results in the key technology research of Belt Conveyors and the development of new products. The series of conveyor products are still increasing, from the commonly used ones. SDJ, SsJ, STJ, DT and other series products have developed into various Belt Conveyor series products with multi-function and can be adapted to special purposes. In recent years, with the development and needs of advanced coal mine technology, our country has developed new types of transportation such as large-angle fixed belt conveyors, high-yield and high-efficiency working face trough retractable belt conveyors, and long-distance and large-capacity belt conveyors. Theoretical research, experiment and product development were carried out on the key technologies and key components of machinery and equipment.
one. Development status of belt conveyor at home and abroad
1. In the 1950s and 1960s, for long-distance, large-capacity and high-speed belt conveyors, steel rope core belt conveyors and steel rope traction belt conveyors were mainly used. The steel rope core belt conveyor can realize the long-distance transportation of a single machine, simplify the transportation system and improve the production efficiency, so it is widely used. Since 1966, my country has successively designed and manufactured this kind of conveyor, and used it in Fenghuangshan Coal Mine, Guangdong Maoming Oil Shale Open-pit Mine and so on. A disadvantage of the steel corded belt conveyor is that the steel corded conveyor belt will be longitudinally split if it is caught by a sharp object during operation. The most fundamental difference between the steel rope traction belt conveyor and the ordinary conveyor is that it separates the bearing member and the traction member, and uses a special conveyor belt with ear grooves, fabric cores, horizontal steel bars, and upper and lower covering rubber as the bearing member, and uses steel The rope is used as a traction member, and the driving device of the steel rope traction belt conveyor is complex, the trough of the conveyor belt is poor, and the transfer section is small. In particular, the problems of the three wearing parts of steel wire rope, wheel lining and steel rod have seriously affected the use and development of this model.
2. In the 1970s, long-distance belt conveyors with intermediate multi-stage drives were developed abroad. The intermediate drive has linear friction drive, pneumatic tire drive and magnetic drive. Linear friction drive is to install several short belt conveyors in a long-Distance Belt Conveyor, and by means of the branch conveyor belt on each short belt conveyor and the conveyor belt of the long-distance belt conveyor to tighten each other. The stickers generate friction and drive long-distance conveyors. Due to the use of linear friction drive, the drive device can be arranged at multiple points along the entire length of the long-distance conveyor. Therefore, it can greatly reduce the tension of the conveyor belt compared with ordinary belt conveyors. For the same conveying height, increasing the inclination of the conveyor can shorten the length of the conveyor and reduce the floor space. There are several ways to increase the inclination of the conveyor: increase the friction coefficient between the material and the conveyor belt, increase the pressure between the material and the idler, set a diaphragm on the conveyor belt, use a magnetic field, and so on. In the 1970s, various forms of high-angle conveyors were developed, such as pattern belt conveyors, corrugated sidewall belt conveyors, magnetic high-angle conveyors, and entrainment conveyors. These conveyors are capable of conveying large inclination angles and even lifting goods vertically. In the 1970s, Dutch scientists put forward the theory of air-cushion tape conveying through a series of laboratory and field studies. The air-cushion belt conveyor has a belt that wraps around the driving roller and the tensioning roller. The air chamber is arranged under the tape with the load-bearing branch between the rollers. An air cushion is formed between the groove surfaces. The disadvantage of the air cushion belt conveyor is that the cost is high, and the energy consumption is large due to the loss of air pressure along the air supply line, especially when the conveying line is long, the energy consumption is even greater, in addition, local overload will hinder the belt support, which is not suitable for use For conveying heavier materials and block materials.
3. In 1984, the Hungarian Mining Research Institute developed a new type of belt conveyor with water pads instead of idlers. A chute is filled with hydrostatic water, the water is the tape, and the tape is the material to be transported. When the supporting buoyancy under the tape is greater than the weight on the belt, the belt together with the material will not sink. By adjusting the static pressure of the water, The gap between the belt and the groove can be changed. The layer of water between the belt and the trough is called the water cushion. This kind of water cushion conveyor saves 80% of transportation compared with the usual belt idler structure conveyor, and the equipment investment is only half of it. In the 1980s, Russia's Kuzbass Institute of Technology trial-produced a magnetic belt conveyor. Its structure is similar to that of an ordinary belt conveyor, except that the idler is replaced by a flat barium iron magnet. The tape is actually an elastic magnet. The magnetic tape support is simple to manufacture and can be produced in series. The magnets generate a stable push force across the conveyor line without the need for power. The magnetic support is simple in design and can be made as standard. Magnetic pad conveyors are almost noiseless and inexpensive to install and maintain. The disadvantage of the magnetic pad belt conveyor is that special magnetic tape is required to ensure that the lateral movement of the tape is complicated and the material conveying range is limited.
4. In the 1990s, my country National Coal Research Institute began to study chute belt conveyors, and achieved good results. A key component of this type of conveyor is the chute support. The chute bracket is riveted and welded on the frame, and the sliding strip supports the conveyor belt and conveys materials. The materials of sliding strips are mostly polymer materials and composites based on them, which have achieved lower friction coefficient and better wear resistance. The main features of the chute belt conveyor are simple structure, stable and safe operation, and high production efficiency. The maintenance and cleaning workload is small and the adaptability is strong.
two. Development Trend of Belt Conveyor
The development of belt conveyor technology is rapid, which is mainly manifested in two aspects: on the one hand, the function of belt conveyors is diversified and the scope of application is expanded, such as high-angle belt conveyors, tubular belt conveyors, space Various models such as turning belt conveyors; on the other hand, the technology and equipment of belt conveyors themselves have undergone tremendous development, especially large-scale belt conveyors such as long-distance, large-capacity, and high-speed belt conveyors have become The main direction of development, its core technology is the development and application of dynamic analysis and monitoring technology of belt conveyors, which improves the running performance and reliability of belt conveyors. Through the above analysis, it can be predicted that the new models of belt conveyors in the future should have the following characteristics:
1. Continue to develop to large-scale. Large-scale includes several aspects such as large conveying capacity, large single machine length, large conveying inclination and high power. The length of the hydraulic conveying device has reached more than 440 kilometers. The single-machine length of the belt conveyor is nearly 15 kilometers, and several "belt conveyors" have appeared to connect the two places. Many countries are exploring a more complete conveyor structure for continuous conveying of materials over long distances and large volumes.
2. Improve the performance and reliability of components. 0b c o(? 9l:S sPROE, auto cad, CAD download, CAD tutorial, cad shortcuts, mechanical forum, mechanical design forum, mechanical manufacturing forum, conveyor forum, dust removal technology forum, vibration forum, chemical forum, machinery forum, Mechanical CAD Forum, Construction Machinery Forum, UG, CAXA, CAXA Solid Design, Design Manual, Inventor, Solidworks, CAXA Electronic Drawing Board, Mold, Fixture The high or low availability of equipment mainly depends on the performance and reliability of the components. To further improve and improve the performance and reliability of existing components, we must continue to develop and research new technologies and components, such as high-performance controllable soft-start technology, dynamic analysis and monitoring technology, high-efficiency belt storage device, fast self-moving Machine tail, high-speed idlers, etc., further improve the performance of the belt conveyor.
3. Low production cost. In ordinary belt conveyors, the cost of idler manufacturing accounts for 17% to 25% of the entire belt conveyor, and there are too many moving parts, which are expensive to maintain. The use of no-roller support or non-contact support is the most effective way to reduce the cost of belt conveyors.
4. Low energy consumption. Reducing energy consumption to save energy has become an important aspect of scientific research in the field of conveying technology. The energy consumed by 1 ton of material conveying 1 km has been taken as one of the important indicators for conveyor selection. About 80% of the energy of the belt conveyor is consumed in friction loss. The most effective way to reduce friction loss is to use non-contact belt conveyors (such as water-cushion belt conveyors), which require only 20% of the motor power of ordinary belt conveyors.
5. Low pollution. Reduce dust, noise and exhaust gas generated by various conveyors during operation.
6. Intelligent. Future models should be closely linked with computers, suitable for program control and intelligent operation. Material handling, machine installation and maintenance should be able to achieve intelligent management. Applying dynamic analysis technology, mechatronics, computer monitoring and other high-tech, high-power soft start and automatic tensioning technology, dynamic monitoring and monitoring of the conveyor, greatly reducing the dynamic tension of the conveyor belt, the equipment has good running performance, Transportation efficiency is high.
It is foreseeable that as a conveying equipment with large conveying capacity, low operating cost, wide range of use, simple structure, easy maintenance, low energy consumption and low cost of use, belt conveyor will have a wider range of applications and market prospects. Very optimistic. Large-scale, high-efficiency, low-cost, low-carbon environmental protection and intelligent control will become the main development direction of belt conveyors in the future.
